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Articles & papers

Private Equity Performance: Returns, Persistence, and Capital Flows

Steven N. Kaplan and Antoinette Schoar · The Journal of Finance, 2005 · The Journal of Finance, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 1791-1823

Preparing to sellStructure & financingSellers taking rollover equity; owners choosing among sponsor buyers
Why it is on the shelf. The paper that established two facts every seller negotiating with funds should know: average fund returns net of fees roughly match public markets, and performance differences across firms persist from fund to fund. The sponsor’s track record is information.

The Institute's reading

Kaplan and Schoar examined fund-level returns and found wide dispersion around an unremarkable average, with a striking regularity: firms that performed well tended to do so again, and better performers raised subsequent, larger funds. Persistence of this kind barely exists in mutual funds, which makes private markets genuinely different: who the buyer is predicts something.

The Institute’s reading: for an owner selling to a sponsor and rolling equity, this is diligence doctrine. Twenty percent rolled into a top-quartile firm’s deal and twenty percent rolled into a bottom-quartile firm’s deal are not the same asset, and the seller is entitled to ask about realized returns, lost deals and references like any other investor. The buyer diligences you for months; this paper is permission to return the favor.

Key propositions

  • Average private equity fund returns net of fees approximate public markets; the dispersion is where the story lives.
  • Performance persists across a firm’s successive funds, unlike in most of asset management.

In practice

  • Sellers with rollover equity at stake should diligence the sponsor’s track record explicitly.

Where authorities disagree

Later work with better data, Harris, Jenkinson and Kaplan on this shelf, found buyout funds outperforming public markets more clearly than the early data showed; read the two together for the honest arc of the evidence.

Acquisition Conciergeorientation · not legal, tax or valuation advice
Happy to dig into it. What would you like to pressure-test from Private Equity Performance: Returns, Persistence, and Capital Flows: one of its propositions, how it applies to your situation, or where it disagrees with the rest of the shelf?